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The research presents a review and comparison of different engine constructions. Investigated engines includes crankshaft engines, barrel engine, opposed-piston engines and theoretical models to present possible variations of piston motion curves. The work comprises also detailed description of a numerical piston engine model which was created to determine the impact of the cycle parameters including described different piston motion curves on the engine efficiency. Developed model was equipped with single-zone calculation, Wiebe function to reflect a heat release during combustion event and Woschini’s correlation to simulate heat transfer between the gas and engine components. Various scenarios of selected engine constructions and different working conditions have been simulated and compared. Based on the results it was possible to determine the impact of different piston motion curves on the engine cycle process and present potential efficiency benefits.