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In the paper results of the investigation of the effect of the addition of the nitrous oxide on the toxicity of exhaust and parameters of the spark ignition engine powered by gasoline and methane were presented. Four load characteristics were performed, in which the engine were powered by gasoline, gasoline with N2O addition, methane and methane with N2O addition. In the tests basic parameters of engine’s work and concentrations of harmful gaseous exhaust components (such as nitrogen oxides NOx, hydrocarbons HC, carbon monoxide and, in chosen points of engine’s work volatile organic compounds VOCs) were measured. Analysis and discussion of the received results in terms of the engine’s work parameters and toxicity of exhaust were conducted.