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Pollution with Particulate Matter is an ongoing challenge in many metropolitan areas of the EU. Therefore a lowered emission limit for Particle Number (PN) of 6*1011/km was introduced in the EURO VI legislation, which is now being amended by the adoption of Real Driving Emissions (RDE). This legislation calls for reliable measurement instruments, high reproducibility and accuracy. Instrument manufacturers have implemented calibration procedures for their stationary PMP and mobile PEMS systems. However there is no common standard, especially when it comes to the newly introduced PN-PEMS, and no sufficient traceability to international standards. This presentation is giving an overview of the current state of the calibration of Particle Number counting systems as well as recent developments in this field. The presentation is introducing the results of the CPC calibration round robin (2016) that was carried out in cooperation with the JRC and ongoing activities at BMW Group and the German PTB. It is focused on finding improvements to the calibration quality compared to the initial proposal of the PMP. At the same time, calibration should become easier to conduct and less susceptible to operating errors. Therefore, options for harmonization of the calibration of stationary systems and PEMS will be discussed.