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Unprocessed oils are economically and energetically feasible alternative for fatty acid esters or paraffinic fuels. The low process energy demand in comparison to transesterification or hydrotreatment enhances well-to-wheel CO2 reduction. This study pertains to overall carbon footprint assessment of straight vegetable oils (SVO), upgrades using proprietary Plantanol™ technology. Moreover, the fuel is evaluated in a broader scope of food co-production. From the both perspectives: greenhouse gas emissions and fuel/food dilemma SVO outperforms other biofuels being a reasonable candidate as renewable biofuel for some sectors. In addition, the present work investigates the suitability of such a biofuel in advanced common rail diesel engines operating in partially premixed and high EGR regime. The engine results do not reveal any serious emission issues, when proposed biofuel is compared to mineral diesel. More specifically, Plantanol manifests different than diesel soot/NOx trade-off. This result let us also formulate some engine control corrections in terms of EGR ratio and split fuel injection schemes in order to tailor engine management to the fuel properties.